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Quiz #3 - Running
| 1.
What should the ideal track be made out of, in order to
help a runner achieve her best results? |
| a)
Dirt |
| b)
Soft Rubber |
| c)
Hard rubber |
| d)
Grass |
Answer is C: Modern tracks are designed according to a specific
scientific principle called elastic energy storage in order
to help runners do their best. In the 1970s engineers built
the first track based on this concept. Their theory was that
the surface should have a little spring to it. If it compressed
just a little with each runner's step, it would convert the
person's energy into stored elastic energy. As the track floor
bounced back up, it would return the stored energy to the runner,
giving her a little extra push. The key was to find a floor
that had just the right level of elasticity. If the floor was
too hard, like concrete or dirt, it wouldn't ever bend to the
runner's touch and if it was too soft, like soft rubber, it
would absorb so much of the runner's energy that she would slow
down. After much experimentation they came up with a hard rubber
mixture that is still used today. |
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| 2.
Why do racing shoes have spikes on the bottom? |
| a)
To help the runner finish the race quickly |
| b)
To slow the runner down |
| c)
To keep the runner from getting injured |
| d)
All of the above |
Answer is D: Runners use the spikes on the bottom of their shows
to slow them down so they can speed up! Racing tracks can be
slippery. If a runner slips, time is lost and the runner can
even get injured. The spikes create just enough friction between
the shoe and the track to stop the runner from slipping. With
sure footing, runners are free to speed away. |
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| 3.
What is runner's knee? |
| a)
A technique used by sprinters |
| b)
An overuse injury |
| c)
The height you need to raise your knee in order to get
over the hurdles |
| d)
A photo finish |
Answer is B: Runner's knee is an overuse injury that is caused
by the stress that continual running puts on the knee joint.
Overuse injuries are the result of repetitive trauma to the
tendons, bones, and joints and they develop slowly over time.
Overuse injuries usually occur when an athlete tries to do too
much too soon, without giving his or her body a chance to recover.
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|
| a)
A type of injury often suffered by runners |
| b)
Another name for a sprint |
| c)
The name for padding that runners wear to protect their
shins |
| d)
The part of the body that connects the shin to the knee |
Answer is A: The term "shinsplint" is a general name
for any kind of serious pain felt down the front of the leg
- from the knee to the ankle. Usually the pain is caused by
inflammation of the lining that wraps around the tibia or of
tendons in that area. No matter what is actually happening inside
your leg, this injury is usually caused by overtraining, improper
shoes, or a lack of flexibility. |
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| 5.
What scientific principle is used to explain the need
for the cushioning used in running shoes? |
| a)
Conservation of Angular Momentum |
| b)
Center of Percussion |
| c)
Newton's Third law of Motion |
| d)
Newton's First law of Motion |
Answer is C: Newton's Third law of Motion says that when one
object exerts a force on a second object the second object always
exerts a force equal to, but in the opposite direction of the
original force. When a runner's foot strikes the ground with
the full force of the runner's mass and acceleration the ground
also exerts a force on the runner's foot. Cushioning is used
to decrease the amount of force felt by the runner's feet and
joints. This works by increasing the amount of time it takes
for the force to reach the runner's feet. The more cushioning
provided in the shoe, the more time it will take for the runner
to feel the force caused by striking the ground. The increased
amount of time and the decreased amount of force helps to minimize
the wear and tear on the runner's body. |
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